Neposredna verbalna memorija Kod dece sa disfazijom

Abstract

U okviru simptomatologije razvojne disfazije često je prisutan deficit neposrednog verbalnog pamćenja. Deca sa razvojnom disfazijom imaju teškoće u primanju, zadržavanju, obradi i reprodukciji govora. Pomenuta neuslužnost verbalne memorije predstavlja značajnu teš- koću prilikom usvajanja govora i jezika. Cilj istraživanja je da se utvrdi nivo neposrednog verbalnog pamćenja kod dece uzrasta 5 godina sa dijagnozom razvojne disfazije ekspresivnog tipa (F80.1). Istraživanje je sprovedeno u Institutu za eksperimentalnu fonetiku i patologiju govora (IEFPG) u Beogradu. Uzorak se sastojao od N = 46 dece uzrasta pet godina kod koje je dijagnostikovana razvojna disfazija ekspresivnog tipa (F80.1) prema Bateriji testova IEFPG-a. Sva ispitivana deca su imala teškoće u verbalnoj ekspresiji dok je receptivni govor bio očuvan i uredno razvijen. Sva ispitivana deca su bila uključena u kontinuiran logopedski tretman. Metodološka procedura je podrazumevala procenu neposrednog verbalnog pamćenja Testom za procenu verbalnog pamćenja koji je deo IEFPG Baterije testova. Rezultati su pokazali da je 52.2 % ispitivane dece dostigao četvti nivo verbalne memorije koji je obuhvatao sposobnost reprodukcije jednostavnih rečenica koje se uglavnom sastoje od subjekta i predikata, a ponekad i pomoćnog glagola. Postignuti nivoi kratkoročne verbalne memorije se diskutuju u odnosu na hronološki uzrast dece kao i njihovu primarnu dijagnozu.

As part of the speech and language impairment symptomatology often is present short-term verbal memory deficit. Impaired children have difficulties with receiving, retention, processing and reproduction of speech, and this kind of non-working verbal memory is significant impediment for speech and language acquisition. Research aim was to determine level of short-term verbal memory in children with Developmental Dysphasia (F80.1). The research was conducted in Institute for experimental phonetics and speech pathology (IEPSP) in Belgrade. Research sample consisted of N = 46 children at the age of five years who have diagnoses of speech and language impairment called Developmental Dysphasia (F80.1) according to estimation by IEPSP Test Battery. All children have difficulties in speech production while comprehension was regularly developed and were on continuous speech and language treatment. Methodological procedure included the estimation of short term verbal memory by Test for verbal memory assessment which is part of IEPSP Test Battery. Research results showed that 52.2 % of examined children had immediate verbal memory at the fourth level which implies they were able to repeat after examiner simple sentences which contain subject and predicate, while some of them have sentence structure with auxiliary verb. Achieved levels of short term verbal memory are discussed in relation to children age and primary diagnosis.