Significance of encouraging art expression of children with light mental retardation for manifesting creative abilities

Abstract

This paper is on the research of significance of encouraging children with light mental retardation for expressing creative abilities with drawings. The aims of the paper refer to determining differences in creative abilities of children with light mental retardation before and after encouraging for doing the work of art. The sample included 69 students from four Belgrade primary schools for children with mental retardation of both genders, age 8-16, school age between the first and eight grade, without neurological and multi structural disabilities. After detailed explanation, children were drawing on the paper, based on the certain topic, without any encouragement. After some time, children encouraged by different ways, in accordance with the given topic, they were told to draw the most creative drawing. Our research showed statistically important difference in expressing creative abilities with drawing, before and after encouragement. Based on the theoretical assumptions and given results of the research, we realised the need of children for enriching experience of children and great encouragement from the environment, so that there could be formed the basis for his/her creative expression.

Rad se bavi ispitivanjem značaja podsticanja dece s lakom intelektualnom ometenošću za ispoljavanje kreativnih sposobnosti crtežom. Ciljevi rada se odnose na utvrđivanje razlika u kreativnim sposobnostima dece s LIO pre i nakon podsticanja pri izradi likovnog rada. Uzorak ispitivanja činilo je 69 učenika iz četiri beogradske osnovne škole za decu ometenu u intelektualnom razvoju, oba pola, kalendarskog uzrasta od 8 do 16 godina, školskog uzrasta od I do VIII razreda, bez neuroloških i višestrukih smetnji. Nakon detaljnog objašnjenja, deca su crtala likovni rad na zadatu temu bez prethodnog podsticanja. Posle izvesnog vremena, deca su podsticana različitim načinima u skladu sa zadatom temom, nakon čega im je rečeno da nacrtaju što kreativniji crtež. Našim istraživanjem ukazano je na statistički značajnu razliku u ispoljavanju kreativnih sposobnosti crtežom pre i posle podsticanja. Na osnovu iznetih teorijskih postavki i dobijenih rezultata istraživanja, konstatuje se potreba za bogaćenjem iskustva deteta i za velikim podsticajem iz sredine kako bi se stvorila dovoljno čvrsta osnova za njegov stvaralački rad.