Characteristics of family environment and institutional care children with congenital anomalies

Abstract

Habilitation-rehabilitation of children born with congenital anomalies represents assistance in terms of maximal functional abilities training and, in every way, inclusion into family and social environment. The main aim of the research is to show some economic and social characteristics of the primary families of children with congenital anomalies and the influence of social environment (housing) in the course of rehabilitation. The research was conducted in the period between 2009-2011 year at the Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics at the Clinical Centre of Serbia in Belgrade. Sixty patients born with congenital anomalies, residing in the family or in the social welfare institutions, participated in the study. The results show that children as part of the families significantly improved in psychomotor development (p = 0.007) and reduction of motor disorders (p lt 0.01) than children in the institution after discharge from the hospital. The solving of existing problems in the children with congenital anomalies care and the improvement of social welfare both require continuous and comprehensive work, evaluation performing, detection of the weaknesses and analyzing of the possibilities for family support provision.

Habilitacija - rehabilitacija dece rođene sa kongenitalnim anomalijama predstavlja pomoć u smislu maksimalnog funkcionalnog osposobljavanja i, na svaki način, uključivanja u porodičnu i socijalnu sredinu. Cilj istraživanja je da prikaže neke ekonomsko-socijalne karakteristike primarnih porodica dece sa kongenitalnim anomalijama i uticaj socijalne sredine (smeštaja) na tok rehabilitacije. Istraživanje je sprovedeno u periodu između 2009-2011. godine na Institutu za ginekologiju i akušerstvo Kliničkog centra Srbije u Beogradu. U istraživanju je učestvovalo 60 ispitanika rođenih sa kongenitalnim anomalijama, smeštenih u porodicu ili ustanovu socijalne zaštite. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da su deca smeštena u porodice statistički značajno napredovala u psihomotornom razvoju (p=0.007) i u smanjenju motoričkih poremećaja (p lt 0.01) od dece smeštene u instituciju nakon otpusta iz porodilišta. Na rešavanju postojećih problema zbrinjavanja dece sa kongenitalnim anomalijama i unapređenju socijalne zaštite potrebno je kontinuirano i sveobuhvatno raditi, vršiti evaluacije, detektovati slabosti i analizirati mogućnosti pružanja podrške porodicama.