Stavovi sportskih trenera prema gluvoći kao indikator stvaranja inkluzivne klime

Abstract

Uvod: Inkluzivni pristup sportu podrazumeva otvaranje mogućnosti gluvim osobama da na ravnopravan način, zajedno sa populacijom čujućih, učestvuju u sportskim aktivnostima. Rad se bavi stavovima prema gluvoći sportskih trenera, koji predstavljaju bitan faktor u stvaranju inkluzivnog sportskog okruženja. Cilj: Cilj ovog istraživanja je da se utvrde stavovi sportskih trenera prema gluvoći. U okviru zadataka istraživanja stavovi su ispitivani u odnosu na godine starosti, pol, nivo obrazovanja i tip sporta kojim se treneri bave. Metode: Istraživanje je sprovedeno na uzorku od 39 ispitanika u okviru populacije sportskih trenera. Uzorak su u većem broju činili ispitanici muškog pola (66.7%) starosti od 24 do 60 godina, pri čemu je prosečna starost 30.8 (SD = 7.61). Najveći broj ispitanika ima završen fakultet, osnovne studije (43.6%). Većinu uzorka čine sportski treneri iz grupe ispitanika timskih sportova (82.1%). Kao instrument je korišćena Skala stavova prema gluvoći (Attitudes to Deafness Scale). Rezultati: Rezultati su pokazali da sportski treneri izražavaju neutralnost u stavovima prema gluvoći. Godine starosti, pol, nivo obrazovanja i tip sporta kojim se bave nisu se pokazali kao značajni faktori kada je reč o stavovima prema gluvoći. Zaključak: Buduća istraživanja mogu se usmeriti na ispitivanja koja će proveriti prisustvo i uticaj zajedničkog kontakta sportskih trenera sa gluvim osobama na njihove stavove prema gluvoći. Dominacija neutralnih i negativnih stavova potencijalno predstavlja prepreku socijalnoj inkluziji gluvih posredstvom sporta i navodi stručnjake koji se bave populacijom gluvih da na adekvatne načine suptilno utiču na promenu stavova sportskih trenera prema gluvoći.

Introduction. An inclusive approach to sports means opening up opportunities for deaf people to participate in sports activities equally to the hearing population. The paper deals with attitudes toward deafness from the perspective of sports coaches, who represent an important factor in creating an inclusive sports environment. Objectives. The aim of this research was to determine the orientation of sports coaches’ attitudes toward deafness. As part of the research tasks, attitudes were examined in relation to age, gender, level of education and the type of sport the coaches practice. Methods. The research was conducted on a sample of 39 participants within the population of sports coaches. The sample consisted mostly of male subjects (66.7 %) 24 to 60 years of age, with the average age being 30.8 (SD = 7.61). Most participants completed undergraduate academic studies (43.6%). The majority of the sample were team sports coaches (82.1%). The Attitudes to Deafness Scale was used as an instrument. Results. The results showed that sports coaches were neutral in their attitudes toward deafness. Age, gender, level of education, and the type of sport did not appear to be significant factors in their attitudes toward deafness. Conclusion. Future research can focus on tests that will test the presence and influence of joint contact between sports coaches and deaf people on their attitudes toward deafness. The dominance of neutral and negative attitudes potentially represents an obstacle to the social inclusion of the deaf through sports and challenges experts dealing with the deaf population to subtly influence the change of attitudes of sports coaches toward deafness in adequate ways.