Diverzioni model suzbijanja maloletničkog kriminaliteta u Srbiji

Abstract

Aktue/ne naučne tendencije na polju suzbijanja malo/etničke delinkvencije, kao i relevantni međunarodni dokumenti, ukazuju na svrsishodnost što šire primene diverzionog modela reagovanja na kriminalitet maloletnih lica. Ovaj model obezbeđuje pružanje zaštite, uz istovremeno suzbijanje formalnosti i represivnosti u postupanju. Cilj rada je analiza diverzionog modela postupanja u Srbiji, a od metoda su primenjeni normativna-logički i deskriptivino-statistički metod. Diverzija je u Srbiji prisutna već nekoliko decenija, i to kroz primenu načela oportuni teta krivičnog gonjenja maloletnih učinilaca krivičnih de/a, odnosno jednostavnu (prostu) diverziju. Ipak, važeći Zakon o maloletnim učiniocima krivičnih dela i krivičnopravnoj zaštiti maloletnih lica kreira preduslove za znatno širu implementaciju diverzionog pristupa, jer je u naše malo/etnička krivično pravo njime uveden institut vaspitnih naloga (diverzija sa intervencijom). Vaspitni nalozi mogu biti primenjeni kako od strane sudije za maloletnike, tako i od strane javnog tužioca za maloletnike, i to u cilju izbegavanja pokretanja ili radi obustave krivičnog postupka, iz čega proizlazi da su u pitanju mere specifičnog karaktera koje tvore posebnu kategoriju uz tradicionalno poznate krivične sankcije u našem pravnom sistemu. Primena vaspitnih naloga simboliše i odgovorniji odnos države i društva prema problemu malo/etničkog kriminaliteta, jer ove strukture tako prihvataju svoj deo odgovornosti za nedozvoljeno ponašanje lica koja još uvek sazrevaju u duhovnom i fizičkom smislu. Ipak, analizirani statistčki podaci ukazuju na skorman uspeh u primeni diverzionog modela, kao i na probleme i poteškoće na koje se do sada naišlo.

Global tendencies, modern science and international documents imply that the diversion model of reaction towards juvenile eri me should be introduced into the criminal law systems around the world as mu ch as possible. The goal of the pa per isto analyze the diversion model in Serbia. The applied methods are normative method and statistical model. This model ensures the provision of protection by inhibiting forma/ and repressive treatment of minors. Serbian Law on juvenile Offenders and Criminal Protection of juveniles has enabled the application of various types of diversion orders (diversion with intervention) as a novelty in juvenile criminal law of the Republic of Serbia, although simple diversion has been widely known in our juvenile justice system far decades. Diversion orders constitute a specific category of measures, given the fact that they can be applied both by the juvenile judge and by the public prosecutor far juveniles to avoid, or to suspend, criminal proceedings towards juvenile offenders. lmplementation of diversion orders disables stigmatization of juvenile offenders and it creates opportunities far protection and education. Application of educational orders symbolizes a more responsible attitude of society and the state towards juvenile eri me, because they a/so accept their share of responsibility far the misconduct of persons who are stil/ matu ring in the spiritual and physical sense. Application of educational orders symbolizes a more responsible attitude of society and the state towards juvenile eri me, because they a/so accept their share of responsibility far the misconduct of persons who are stil/ maturing in the spiritual and physical sense. However, the results of the study suggest that there has been a modest success in the implementation of the diversion mode, and that significant problems have been encountered so far.