Stavovi roditelja gluve dece o kohlearnoj implantaciji

Abstract

U Srbiji se program kohlearne implantacije gluvih osoba sprovodi deset godina. Do sada je implantirano oko 250 osoba, od toga 90% su deca. Mišljenje o podobnosti kandidata daje multidisciplinarni tim, a konačnu odluku donose roditelji. Preko 90% roditelja gluve dece ima normalan sluh. Primarni cilj im je da njihova deca ovladaju govorom i obuče se za školovanje u redovnim uslovima obrazovanja. Kohlearni implant (KI] je poslednja generacija elektronskog pomagala koje omogućava kvalitetno slušanje tj. realnu osnovu za razvoj verbalne komunikacije. Cilj rada je ispitivanje stavova roditelja kohlearna implantirane dece o funkcionisanju dece posle KI (komunikacija, edukacija, samostalnost, socijalni odnosi, dobrobit i sreća] i procesu KI (donošenje odluke, proces, efekti]. Podaci su dobijeni Upitnikom o stavovima roditelja kohlearna implantirane dece (Parent Outcome Questionnaire From Pediatric Cochlear Implantation, Archbold et al., 2002). Podaci su obrađeni metodama demografske statistike, prikazani tabelarna i grefički. Uzorak je činilo 30 ispitanika, roditelja KI dece, na uzrastu 3 do 10 godina, sa najmanje godinu dana slušnog iskustva. Istraživanje je obavljena na Institutu za ORL i MFH KC Srbije u Beogradu, tokom 2011. i 2012. godine. Stavovi roditelja u oblasti funkcionisanja deteta pokazuju visoke skorove (opšte funkcionisanje 4,13; socijalni odnosi 4,34; samostalnost 4,14; komunikacija 4,13). U oblasti procesa KI visoki skorovi označavaju nezadovoljstvo i nesigurnost roditelja u ovim oblastima.

Coch/ear implantation (CI) has existed in Serbia for the /ast ten years. There are c. 250 people with implantations and about 90% of them are ch i/dren. The fina/ decisison is made by parents after multidisciplinary team assesement. During the se/ection of candidates for pediatric coch/ear implantation we have frequently met the parents with insufficient infarmation on cachlear implant potential ar technical features. The aim of study isto examine pa renta/ expectations of outcomes after pediatric coch/ear implantation regarding to decision, prospectives, procedure, support, socialization etc. Examination was dane using The Parent Outcome Questionnaire From Pediatric Coch/ear lmplantation (Archbold eta/., 2002). The data were obtained from the parents of 30 CI ch i/dren, aged 3to10. There are two aspects for analyzing data: children functioning after CI and process of CI. According to the data obtained from this study following statements depict their positive attitude about coch/ear implantation: they have a positive attitude about child functioning (general functioning 4.13; sa ci a/ relationship 4.34; self reliance 4.14; cammunicatian 4.13). The children hear better after CI; CI enables communication at a distance, better communication, impraved motivation far communication with hearing people, improved independence and safety and better aspects of future education. The negative parents' attitude was related to: fears and concerns about surgery and postoperative course, cost of coch/ear implant and maintenance, concerns about children's hea/th etc.