Nasilje u francuskim školama: moralna panika i činjenice

Abstract

Rezultati velikih anketnih istraživanja provedenih u poslednjih 15 godina u okviru Evropske opservatorije za nasilje u školskoj sredini pokazuju kako se u Francuskoj postepeno razvilo, kod značajnog broja đaka, snažno osećanje odbojnosti prema školi koje je poprimilo obrise jedne prave anti-institucionalne (anti-školske) kulture. Njeno rodno mesto jesu rastuće društveno-ekonomske nejednakosti francuskog društva pa zato ne čudi prostorna koncentracija školskog nasilja i delinkvencije u tzv. “etablissements sensibles” u siromašnim, sve više getoiziranim periferijskim četvrtima. Školska organizacija, međutim, i sama saučestvuje u proizvodnji specifičnih formi nasilja i delinkvencije u svojoj sredini, putem akumulacije niza svakodnevih mikronasilja koja čine potku svakodnevnog ugnjetavanja i zapravo reprodukuju i pojačavaju nejednakosti u širem društvu, uključujući i društvenu nejedakost izgleda da se postane žrtva.

The results of large surveys elaborated during last 15 years by l´Observatoire européen de la violence scolaire show that, within an important number of pupils, gradually progress a strong ressentiment toward school, which has taken a shape of a real anti-institutional (anti-scholar) culture. Its origine is taking place in growing social unequalities of french society with a spatial concentration of specific forms of violence and scholar youth delinquancy in „établissements sensibles“ located in poor, more and more ghetto-like housing projects at the outskirts of big industrial cities. The social organization of schools, however, participate in a sort of the co-production of these phenomena by the accumulation of a series of micro-violences which makes a frame of an everyday opression. They reproduct and reinforce unequalities of a larger society, including the social unequality of chances to become a victime.