Evaluacija programa podrške za mlade očeve

Abstract

Predmet istraživanja: U skladu sa dosadašnjom teorijom i praksom prevencije poremećaja ponašanja, primena programa podrške maloletnim majkama pre/posle porođaja nalazi svoje mesto. Sa druge strane, izveštava se o sporadičnoj primeni intervencija usmerenih na mlade očeve (u adolescenciji), njihove probleme i potrebe. Istraživački nalazi ukazuju na to da mladi očevi u odnosu na njihove vršnjake koji nisu očevi češće imaju loš školski uspeh, nizak socioekonomski status, zloupotrebljavaju psihoaktivne supstance, ispoljavaju delinkventno ponašanje i slično. Očinstvo uz to nosi čitav niz problema, kako ekonomskih, tako i onih koji se tiču komunikacije sa partnerkom, multigeneracijskom porodičnom strukturom, stigmatizacijom od strane zajednice i drugo. Posebno, izdvajaju se problemi motivisanja mladih očeva za učešće u različitim socijalnim programima. Metod: Cilj istraživanja predstavlja pregled i analizu naučne literature o programima podrške koji su namenjeni mladim očevima i njihove evaluacije. Rezultati: Rezultati evaluacionih studija ukazuju na to da su mladi očevi koji su prošli programe podrške uključeniji, angažovaniji i pozitivno emocionalno reaktivniji u odnosu prema 1svojoj deci u poređenju sa kontrolnom grupom. Preporučuje se da bi programi usmereni na podršku mladim očevima trebalo da uključe i njihove partnerke, da traju do 5 nedelja, da budu zasnovani na individualnom pre nego grupnom radu, da uključuju i pomoć pri zaposlenju i drugo. Zaključak: Prenatalni programi unapređivanja veština roditeljstva namenjeni mladim očevima i majkama ostvaruju značajne rezultate.

Research subject: In accordance with current theory and practice of the prevention of conduct disorders, prebirth/afterbirth programs for underage mothers find their place. On the other hand, there are sporadic implementation of interventions aimed at young fathers (in adolescence), their problems and needs. The research findings indicate that young fathers in relation to their peers which are not fathers tend to have poor academic success, low socioeconomic status, substance abuse, delinquent behavior, etc. Fatherhood also carries a range of problems, both economic and those related to communication with partner, multi-generational family structure, stigmatization by the community and more. In particular, it’s hard to motivate young fathers to participate in social programs. Method: The research is aimed to summarize the scientific knowledge on young fathers support programs and evaluate their main effects. Results: The results of evaluation studies suggest that young fathers who have gone through parenting support programs are more involved, more engaged and positively emotionally reactive in relation to their children compared to the control group. It is recommended that programs aimed at supporting young fathers should include their partners, to last up to 5 weeks to be based on individual rather than group work, to include assistance with employment, etc. Conclusion: Prebirth parenting skills improvement programs designed for young fathers and mothers achieve significant results.