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Verbalni i neverbalni aspekti egzekutivnih funkcija kod dece mlađeg školskog uzrasta

Verbal and nonverbal aspects of executive functions in young school-aged children

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Authors
Buha, Nataša
Gligorović, Milica
Contributors
Vuković, Mile
Žunić Pavlović, Vesna
Grbović, Aleksandra
Radovanović, Vesna
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Abstract
Konstrukt egzekutivnih funkcija (EF) sadrži niz komponenata o čijoj međusobnoj povezanosti, naročito tokom detinjstva, postoje neusaglašeni stavovi. Cilj ovog istraživanja je da se utvrde komponente verbalnih i neverbalnih aspekata EF kod učenika III i IV razreda osnovne škole. Uzorkom je obuhvaćeno 114 dece, oba pola (59/51,8% devojčica), uzrasta 8,7 - 10,8 godina (AS = 9,80; SD = 0,57). Verbalni aspekti EF procenjeni su primenom: Dodrilove verzije Strup testa, zadacima Raspon rečenica i Raspon brojeva unazad, Testom kontrolisanih usmenih asocijacija i Testom 20 pitanja. Za procenu neverbalnih EF korišćeni su sledeći instrumenti: zadatak Kreni-stani, Izbaci uljeza, Raspon figura unazad, Viskonsin test sortiranja karata i test Londonska kula. Iako između pojedinih varijabli različitih testova/zadataka postoje značajne korelacije, one se kreću u nivou niskih, što ukazuje na diskriminativnu validnost odabranih procedura. Primenom eksplorativne faktorske analize, u domenu verb...alnih aspekata EF izdvojene su tri komponente: formiranje strategije (faktorsko zasićenje 0,78), inhibitorna kontrola i radna memorija kao jedinstvena komponenta (faktorsko zasićenje 0,71) i fleksibilnost (faktorsko zasićenje 0,71), koje zajedno objašnjavaju oko 64% ukupne varijanse. U domenu neverbalnih aspekata EF izdvojene su četiri komponente, koje objašnjavaju oko 68% ukupne varijanse: fleksibilnost (faktorsko zasićenje 0,85), inhibitorna kontrola i radna memorija kao jedinstvena komponenta (faktorsko zasićenje 0,66), planiranje (faktorsko zasićenje 0,78) i inicijalna konceptualizacija i održavanje mentalnog seta kao jedinstvena komponenta (faktorsko zasićenje 0,79). Na osnovu rezultata faktorske analize, može se zaključiti da se na posmatranom uzrastu jasno diferenciraju fleksibilnost i sposobnost planiranja, dok su inhibitorna kontrola i radna memorija, koje su na starijim uzrastima relativno nezavisne, grupisane u jedinstven faktor.

The construct of executive functions (EF) contains a number of components whose interrelation involves conflicting views, especially during childhood. The aim of this study was to determine components of verbal and nonverbal aspects of EF in children attending III and IV grade of primary school. The sample consisted of 114 children of both sexes (59/51.8% of girls), aged between 8.8 and 10.8 (M = 9.80; SD = 0.57). Verbal aspects of EF were assessed by applying the Dodrill’ Stroop Test, Listening Span Task and Digit SpanBackward, Controlled Oral Word Association Test, and 20 Questions Task. Nonverbal aspects of EF were assessed by applying the Go/No-Go Task, Odd-one-out span and Figure Span Backward, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and Tower of London. Although significant relations between the variables of different tests/tasks were determined, these correlations were in the low range, which demonstrates discriminant validity of the selected procedures. Using the Exploratory Fac...tor Analysis, in the domain of verbal aspects of the EF, three components were identified: strategy forming (factor saturation of 0.78), inhibitory control and working memory as a single component (factor saturation of 0.71) and flexibility (factor saturation of 0.71) which all together explain about 64% of the total variance. In the nonverbal EF domain, four components were identified, which explain about 68% of the total variance: (factor saturation of 0.85), inhibitory control and working memory as a single component (factor saturation of 0.66), planning (factor saturation of 0.78), and initial conceptualization and maintenance of the mental set as a unique component (factor saturation of 0.79). Based on the results of factor analysis, it can be concluded that flexibility and planning ability are clearly differentiated at the observed age, while inhibitory control and working memory, which are relatively independent at older ages, are grouped into a single factor.

Keywords:
egzekutivne funkcije / mlađi školski uzrast / inhibitorna kontrola / radna memorija / fleksibilnost / executive functions / young school-aged children / inhibitory control / working memory / flexibility
Source:
Zbornik radova - 10. Međunarodni naučni skup „Specijalna edukacija i rehabilitacija danas“, Beograd, Srbija, 25–26. 10.2019., 2019, 23-30
Publisher:
  • Univerzitet u Beogradu – Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju/ University of Belgrade – Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation
Funding / projects:
  • Designig a protocol for Assessing the Educational potentials of Children with Disabilities as a Criterion for Development of Individual Educational Programs (RS-179025)

ISBN: 978-86-6203-129-7

[ Google Scholar ]
Handle
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rfasper_4088
URI
http://rfasper.fasper.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4088
Collections
  • Radovi istraživača / Researcher's publications
Institution/Community
rFASPER
TY  - CONF
AU  - Buha, Nataša
AU  - Gligorović, Milica
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://rfasper.fasper.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4088
AB  - Konstrukt egzekutivnih funkcija (EF) sadrži niz komponenata o čijoj međusobnoj
povezanosti, naročito tokom detinjstva, postoje neusaglašeni stavovi. Cilj
ovog istraživanja je da se utvrde komponente verbalnih i neverbalnih aspekata
EF kod učenika III i IV razreda osnovne škole. Uzorkom je obuhvaćeno 114
dece, oba pola (59/51,8% devojčica), uzrasta 8,7 - 10,8 godina (AS = 9,80; SD
= 0,57). Verbalni aspekti EF procenjeni su primenom: Dodrilove verzije Strup
testa, zadacima Raspon rečenica i Raspon brojeva unazad, Testom kontrolisanih
usmenih asocijacija i Testom 20 pitanja. Za procenu neverbalnih EF korišćeni
su sledeći instrumenti: zadatak Kreni-stani, Izbaci uljeza, Raspon figura
unazad, Viskonsin test sortiranja karata i test Londonska kula. Iako između
pojedinih varijabli različitih testova/zadataka postoje značajne korelacije, one
se kreću u nivou niskih, što ukazuje na diskriminativnu validnost odabranih
procedura. Primenom eksplorativne faktorske analize, u domenu verbalnih
aspekata EF izdvojene su tri komponente: formiranje strategije (faktorsko zasićenje
0,78), inhibitorna kontrola i radna memorija kao jedinstvena komponenta
(faktorsko zasićenje 0,71) i fleksibilnost (faktorsko zasićenje 0,71), koje
zajedno objašnjavaju oko 64% ukupne varijanse. U domenu neverbalnih aspekata
EF izdvojene su četiri komponente, koje objašnjavaju oko 68% ukupne
varijanse: fleksibilnost (faktorsko zasićenje 0,85), inhibitorna kontrola i radna
memorija kao jedinstvena komponenta (faktorsko zasićenje 0,66), planiranje
(faktorsko zasićenje 0,78) i inicijalna konceptualizacija i održavanje mentalnog
seta kao jedinstvena komponenta (faktorsko zasićenje 0,79). Na osnovu
rezultata faktorske analize, može se zaključiti da se na posmatranom uzrastu
jasno diferenciraju fleksibilnost i sposobnost planiranja, dok su inhibitorna kontrola i radna memorija, koje su na starijim uzrastima relativno nezavisne,
grupisane u jedinstven faktor.
AB  - The construct of executive functions (EF) contains a number of components whose
interrelation involves conflicting views, especially during childhood. The aim of this study
was to determine components of verbal and nonverbal aspects of EF in children attending
III and IV grade of primary school. The sample consisted of 114 children of both sexes
(59/51.8% of girls), aged between 8.8 and 10.8 (M = 9.80; SD = 0.57). Verbal aspects of
EF were assessed by applying the Dodrill’ Stroop Test, Listening Span Task and Digit SpanBackward, Controlled Oral Word Association Test, and 20 Questions Task. Nonverbal aspects
of EF were assessed by applying the Go/No-Go Task, Odd-one-out span and Figure Span
Backward, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and Tower of London. Although significant relations
between the variables of different tests/tasks were determined, these correlations were in
the low range, which demonstrates discriminant validity of the selected procedures. Using
the Exploratory Factor Analysis, in the domain of verbal aspects of the EF, three components
were identified: strategy forming (factor saturation of 0.78), inhibitory control and working
memory as a single component (factor saturation of 0.71) and flexibility (factor saturation of
0.71) which all together explain about 64% of the total variance. In the nonverbal EF domain,
four components were identified, which explain about 68% of the total variance: (factor
saturation of 0.85), inhibitory control and working memory as a single component (factor
saturation of 0.66), planning (factor saturation of 0.78), and initial conceptualization and
maintenance of the mental set as a unique component (factor saturation of 0.79). Based
on the results of factor analysis, it can be concluded that flexibility and planning ability are
clearly differentiated at the observed age, while inhibitory control and working memory,
which are relatively independent at older ages, are grouped into a single factor.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu – Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju/ University of Belgrade – Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation
C3  - Zbornik radova - 10. Međunarodni naučni skup „Specijalna edukacija i rehabilitacija danas“, Beograd, Srbija, 25–26. 10.2019.
T1  - Verbalni i neverbalni aspekti egzekutivnih funkcija kod dece mlađeg školskog uzrasta
T1  - Verbal and nonverbal aspects of executive functions in young school-aged children
EP  - 30
SP  - 23
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rfasper_4088
ER  - 
@conference{
author = "Buha, Nataša and Gligorović, Milica",
year = "2019",
abstract = "Konstrukt egzekutivnih funkcija (EF) sadrži niz komponenata o čijoj međusobnoj
povezanosti, naročito tokom detinjstva, postoje neusaglašeni stavovi. Cilj
ovog istraživanja je da se utvrde komponente verbalnih i neverbalnih aspekata
EF kod učenika III i IV razreda osnovne škole. Uzorkom je obuhvaćeno 114
dece, oba pola (59/51,8% devojčica), uzrasta 8,7 - 10,8 godina (AS = 9,80; SD
= 0,57). Verbalni aspekti EF procenjeni su primenom: Dodrilove verzije Strup
testa, zadacima Raspon rečenica i Raspon brojeva unazad, Testom kontrolisanih
usmenih asocijacija i Testom 20 pitanja. Za procenu neverbalnih EF korišćeni
su sledeći instrumenti: zadatak Kreni-stani, Izbaci uljeza, Raspon figura
unazad, Viskonsin test sortiranja karata i test Londonska kula. Iako između
pojedinih varijabli različitih testova/zadataka postoje značajne korelacije, one
se kreću u nivou niskih, što ukazuje na diskriminativnu validnost odabranih
procedura. Primenom eksplorativne faktorske analize, u domenu verbalnih
aspekata EF izdvojene su tri komponente: formiranje strategije (faktorsko zasićenje
0,78), inhibitorna kontrola i radna memorija kao jedinstvena komponenta
(faktorsko zasićenje 0,71) i fleksibilnost (faktorsko zasićenje 0,71), koje
zajedno objašnjavaju oko 64% ukupne varijanse. U domenu neverbalnih aspekata
EF izdvojene su četiri komponente, koje objašnjavaju oko 68% ukupne
varijanse: fleksibilnost (faktorsko zasićenje 0,85), inhibitorna kontrola i radna
memorija kao jedinstvena komponenta (faktorsko zasićenje 0,66), planiranje
(faktorsko zasićenje 0,78) i inicijalna konceptualizacija i održavanje mentalnog
seta kao jedinstvena komponenta (faktorsko zasićenje 0,79). Na osnovu
rezultata faktorske analize, može se zaključiti da se na posmatranom uzrastu
jasno diferenciraju fleksibilnost i sposobnost planiranja, dok su inhibitorna kontrola i radna memorija, koje su na starijim uzrastima relativno nezavisne,
grupisane u jedinstven faktor., The construct of executive functions (EF) contains a number of components whose
interrelation involves conflicting views, especially during childhood. The aim of this study
was to determine components of verbal and nonverbal aspects of EF in children attending
III and IV grade of primary school. The sample consisted of 114 children of both sexes
(59/51.8% of girls), aged between 8.8 and 10.8 (M = 9.80; SD = 0.57). Verbal aspects of
EF were assessed by applying the Dodrill’ Stroop Test, Listening Span Task and Digit SpanBackward, Controlled Oral Word Association Test, and 20 Questions Task. Nonverbal aspects
of EF were assessed by applying the Go/No-Go Task, Odd-one-out span and Figure Span
Backward, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and Tower of London. Although significant relations
between the variables of different tests/tasks were determined, these correlations were in
the low range, which demonstrates discriminant validity of the selected procedures. Using
the Exploratory Factor Analysis, in the domain of verbal aspects of the EF, three components
were identified: strategy forming (factor saturation of 0.78), inhibitory control and working
memory as a single component (factor saturation of 0.71) and flexibility (factor saturation of
0.71) which all together explain about 64% of the total variance. In the nonverbal EF domain,
four components were identified, which explain about 68% of the total variance: (factor
saturation of 0.85), inhibitory control and working memory as a single component (factor
saturation of 0.66), planning (factor saturation of 0.78), and initial conceptualization and
maintenance of the mental set as a unique component (factor saturation of 0.79). Based
on the results of factor analysis, it can be concluded that flexibility and planning ability are
clearly differentiated at the observed age, while inhibitory control and working memory,
which are relatively independent at older ages, are grouped into a single factor.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu – Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju/ University of Belgrade – Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation",
journal = "Zbornik radova - 10. Međunarodni naučni skup „Specijalna edukacija i rehabilitacija danas“, Beograd, Srbija, 25–26. 10.2019.",
title = "Verbalni i neverbalni aspekti egzekutivnih funkcija kod dece mlađeg školskog uzrasta, Verbal and nonverbal aspects of executive functions in young school-aged children",
pages = "30-23",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rfasper_4088"
}
Buha, N.,& Gligorović, M.. (2019). Verbalni i neverbalni aspekti egzekutivnih funkcija kod dece mlađeg školskog uzrasta. in Zbornik radova - 10. Međunarodni naučni skup „Specijalna edukacija i rehabilitacija danas“, Beograd, Srbija, 25–26. 10.2019.
Univerzitet u Beogradu – Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju/ University of Belgrade – Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation., 23-30.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rfasper_4088
Buha N, Gligorović M. Verbalni i neverbalni aspekti egzekutivnih funkcija kod dece mlađeg školskog uzrasta. in Zbornik radova - 10. Međunarodni naučni skup „Specijalna edukacija i rehabilitacija danas“, Beograd, Srbija, 25–26. 10.2019.. 2019;:23-30.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rfasper_4088 .
Buha, Nataša, Gligorović, Milica, "Verbalni i neverbalni aspekti egzekutivnih funkcija kod dece mlađeg školskog uzrasta" in Zbornik radova - 10. Međunarodni naučni skup „Specijalna edukacija i rehabilitacija danas“, Beograd, Srbija, 25–26. 10.2019. (2019):23-30,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rfasper_4088 .

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