Fenomen znakovane muzike u kulturi Gluvih

Abstract

Uvod. Muzika u zajednici Gluvih je sociokulturni fenomen koji oslikava specifičan identitet i način doživljavanja sveta, koji je jednako raznovrstan, bogat i sadržajan kao i kod pripadnika bilo koje druge kulture. Cilj. Cilj ovog rada je da ukaže na istorijske i sociokulturne okvire, složenost, bogatstvo, specifične elemente, vrste i oblike muzičkog izražavanja pripadnika zajednice Gluvih. Metode. Primenjene metode su uporedna analiza, evaluacija i sistem dedukcije i indukcije. Rezultati. Zbog ograničenja ili nedostatka auditivne komponente pripadnici kulture Gluvih koriste različite komunikacione alate, poput govora, pantomime, izraza lica i znakovnog jezika. Znakovana muzika kao fenomen je umetnička forma koja nema dugu istoriju, ali od devedesetih godina prošlog veka i sa tehnološkim razvojem zadobija sve veće interesovanje i priznanje u zajednici Gluvih i među „slušateljima”. Znakovana muzika koristi specifične vizuo-prostornokinestetičke i auditivne elemente u izražavanju, poput ritma, dinamike, rime, izražajnosti, ikoničnosti, intenziteta muzičke percepcije i kombinacije uloge izvođača. Zaključak. Znakovana muzika kao fenomen je umetnička forma koja inkorporira znakovane poetske karakteristike (lirske sadržaje), vizuelne muzičke elemente i ples.

Introduction. Music in the Deaf community is a socio-cultural phenomenon that depicts a specific identity and way of experiencing the world, which is just as diverse, rich and meaningful as that of members of any other culture. Objective. The aim of this paper was to point out the historical and socio-cultural frameworks, complexity, richness, specific elements, types and forms of musical expression of members of the Deaf community. Methods. The applied methods included comparative analysis, evaluation, and deduction and induction system. Results. Due to limitations or a lack of auditive component, the members of Deaf culture use different communication tools, such as speech, pantomime, facial expressions and sign language. Signed music, as a phenomenon, is the artistic form which does not have long history. However, since the nineties of the past century and with technological development, it has been gaining greater interest and acknowledgement within the Deaf community and among the hearing audience. Signed music uses specific visuo-spatial-kinaesthetic and auditive elements in expression, such as rhythm, dynamism, rhyme, expressiveness, iconicity, intensity of the musical perception and the combination of the role of the performer. Conclusion. Signed music as a phenomenon is an art form that incorporates sign poetic characteristics (lyrical contents), visual musical elements and dance.