Neki bihejvioralni problemi dece sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću

Abstract

Cilj ovog rada postavljen je sa namerom da se utvrdi pojavnost različitih manifestacija bihejvioralnih problema kod dece sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću i provera postojanja razlika u iskazanim sklonostima pojedinih tipova ponašanja u odnosu na neka sociodemografska obeležja (pol, socioekonomski status porodice, dvojezičnost, uzrast, bračni status roditelja, stručna sprema roditelja). Istraživanje je sprovedeno na slučajnom uzorku formiranom od 33 ispitanika oba pola. Kriterijumi za izbor ispitanika podrazumevali su količnik inteligencije učenika koji se kretao u okvirima od 50 do 69, procenjen WISC skalom za procenu intelektualnih sposobnosti, kalendarski uzrast od 8 do 12 godina, odsustvo neuroloških, psihijatrijskih, senzornih, izraženih emocionalnih i kombinovanih smetnji. Instrument primenjen u ovom istraživanju odnosi se na Skalu problema u ponašanju koja daje pregled bihejvioralnih problema dece uzrasta od 4 do 16 godina, sačinjen od strane edukatora. Ova skala predstavlja deo instrumentarijuma Upitnika snaga i teškoća (The Strenghts and Difficulties Questionnaires, Goodman, 1997, Goodman et all., 1998). Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na pojavnost bihejvioralnih problema u dece sa lakom intelektualnom ometenošću koja se kretala od 9% do 48,5% u zavisnosti od date manifestacije. Utvrđeno je da su ispoljavanja bihejvioralnih problema u statistički značajnom odnosu sa polom i kalendarskim uzrastom ispitanika.

The aim of this paper was designed to determine the appearance of different manifestations of the behavioral problems in children with mild intellectual disabilities and to review the existence of differences in the expressed preferences of certain types of behavior in relation to some socio-demographic characteristics (gender, family status socio-economic, bilingualism, age, marital status parents, parents’ degree). The research was conducted on a random sample composed of 33 subjects of both sexes. The selection respondents criteria was understooding the intelligence quotient of students who move within 50 to 69, judged with WISC scale for the assessment of intellectual abilities, calendar age from 8 to 12 years, absence of neurological, psychiatric, sensory, expressed emotional and combined disturbances. Instrument used in this study refers to the scale of problems in the behavior that gives an overview of the behavioral problems of children aged 4 to 16 years made by the educators. This scale is the instrument of “The Strenghts and Difficulties Questionnaires“, Goodman, 1997, Goodman et all., 1998. The study results show the appearance of behavioral problems in children with mild intellectual disabilities which ranged from 9% to 48.5% depending on the event. It is the manifestation of behavioral problems in the statistical significant relation with gender and calendar age of respondents.