The specificity of questions and answers in written, oral, and sign language with deaf and hard-of-hearing students

Abstract

Posed questions stimulate thinking and speech activities of students. Questions must gain meaning and place in everyday life of deaf and hard-of-hearing students, too. Questions will be completely clear and permanently internalized only if used in everyday child communication. The aim of our research was to examine the relatedness between age and the level of hearing damage and the capability of deaf and hard-of-hearing students to answer questions in writing, speech and sign language. The sample included 83 deaf and hard-of-hearing students of the third to the eighth years of elementary school. The obtained results show that the deaf and hard-to-hearing students provide best answers in sign language, then orally, and the lowest results they achieve when they are expected to answer in writing (all the differences are statistically significant at the level of 0.01) The answers which the students were not able to formulate in writing or orally were adequatelly and fully obtained in sign language.

Pitanjima se učenici podstiču na misaonu i govornu aktivnost. Ona moraju dobiti smisao i svoje mesto u svakodnevnom životu gluvih i nagluvih učenika. Postaće potpuno jasna i trajno usvojena samo ako se koriste u svakodnevnoj komunikaciji dece. Cilj našeg istraživanja bio je ispitati povezanost između uzrasta i stepena oštećenja sluha i sposobnosti odgovaranja na pitanja u okviru pisanog, govornog i znakovnog izraza kod gluve i nagluve dece. Ispitivanje je izvršeno na uzorku od 83 gluva i nagluva učenika, uzrasta od trećeg do osmog razreda. Izvršena je kvantitativna i kvalitativna analiza dobijene jezičke građe. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na to da gluvi i nagluvi učenici najbolje odgovaraju na pitanja u znakovnom izrazu, zatim u govornom, dok najslabije rezultate ostvaruju u pisanju (sve razlike su visoko statistički značajne na nivou 0,01). Odgovori i objašnjenja koje učenici nisu znali da formulišu u pisanom i u govornom izrazu adekvatno i potpuno su dobijeni u okviru znakovnog jezika.