Sposobnost imenovanja i definisanja pojmova kod dece predškolskog uzrasta

Abstract

U radu se izlaiu rezultati pilot istraiivanja razvoja /eksikona u maternjem jeziku SQ aspekta imenovanja i definisanja pojmova. Ova} aspekt je odabran zbog toga sto je nivo razvijenosti leksikona i sposobnost definisanja pojmova vaian pokazatelj jezickog razvoja. Cilj istraiivanja bio je da se ispita sposobnost imenovanja i definisanja kod dece predskolskog uzrasta kako bi se pratio proces usvajanja razlicitih dimenzija znacenja reCi. Uzorakje obuhvatao tridesetoro dece, uzrasta 3 do 7 godina. Na svakom ad ispitivanih uzrasta bi/a je po 6 ispitanika. /spitanici ienskog i muskog po/a bili su zastupljeni u istom broju, po troje na svakom ispitivanom uzrastu. Sva deca su bi/a prosecnih inte/ ektualnih sposobnosti. lstraiivanje je radeno 2011. godine u Predskolskoj ustanovi ,,Bosko Buha" u Beogradu. Svi ispitanici testirani SU Testom recnika za decu ad 3 do 7 godina. Podaci 0 intelektua/nom statusu ispitanika preuzeti su iz deeje dokumentacije. Rezultati su kvantitativno i kvalitativno analizirani. Komparativna analiza rezultata testiranja na razliCitim uzrastima pokazuje da se decje sposobnosti imenovanja i definisanja pojmova razvijaju sa uzrastom, odnosno da se /eksikon ekspanzivno bogati prema starijem predskolskom uzrastu. Definisanje kojim se isticu karakteristike koje Jedan po jam jasno odvajaju ad ostalih pojmova javlja se samo sporadicno.

The paper presents the results of a pilot study of the development lexicon in native language in terms of naming and defining terms. This aspect was chosen because the level of development of vocabulary and the ability to define concepts is an important indicator of language development. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of naming and defining in preschool children in order to monitor the process of adopting different dimensions of meaning of words. The sample consisted of thirty children, aged 3 to 7 years. Each age was represented by 6 respondents. Female and male respondents were represented in the same number, three of each sex per age examined. All the children were of average intellectual ability. The survey was conducted in the period June-September 2011 in the preschool institution ,,Bosko Buha': in ,,The Danube Fairy Tale" branch in Belgrade. All subjects were tested by Vocabulary Test for Children from 3 to 7 (Smiljka Vasic). Data on the intellectual status of the respondents were taken from the children's records. The results were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Comparative analysis of test results at different ages shows that children's ability to name and define concepts develops with age, which means that the lexicon is expanding as children grow towards older preschool age, and that defining is mostly at the level of functional definitions. Defining, which highlights the characteristics that clearly distinguish one term from another, occurs only sporadically.