Genetsko savetovanje - savremeni oblik zaštite zdravlja

Abstract

Genetska savetovanje je proces u kome pojedinac ili članovi porodice dobijaju adekvatnu genetsku informaciju u vezi sa razvojem i/ili prenošenjem naslednih poremećaja. Genetska savetovanje vodi tim iskusnih stručnjaka - lekar specijalista (pedijatar- klinički genetičar, ginekolog-akušer i dr.), molekularni biolog i ostali članovi tima (specijalni edukator, psiholog, socijalni radnik). Postupak genetske konsultacije podrazumeva genetsku evaluaciju kojom se postavlja ili potvrđuje dijagnoza, a zatim, na osnovu genetskog modela za da tu bolest, daju se iscrpne informacije i predlažu moguća rešenja. Cilj genetskog savetovanja je pružanje pomoći, pojedincu ili porodici, u donošenju pravilne odluke o potomstvu, posebno nakon rođenja deteta obolelog od genetski uslovljene bolesti. Uz poštovanje moralnih vrednosti društva kome pojedinac ili porodica pripadaju, treba slediti put kojim se obezbeđuje svrsishodno genetska savetovanje, a to nije laka odluka. I pored problema koji mogu da se jave tokom genetskog savetovanja, činjenica je da je ono značajan vid zaštite zdravlja jedne nacije. Takođe, genetska savetovanje daje mogućnost planiranja porodice u odnosu na eventualni rizik od genetske bolesti.

Genetic counseling is a process in which individua/ or family members receive adequate genetic information about development and/or transfer genetic disorders. Genetic counseling is /ead by team of experienced experts - medica/ specialist (pediatrician-c/inical geneticist, gyneco/ogist-obstretician, etc), molecular biologist and other members of the team (special educators, psychologists, social worker). The procedure of genetic counseling means genetic evaluation by which the diagnosis is reached or confirmed, and then, based on the genetic model for that disease, plenty of information is given and possible solutions are suggested. The go a/ of genetic counse/ing is to give help to an individua/ or family to reach proper decision about offspring, especially after having a child with a genetic disease. Respecting moral values of the society that individua/ or family belongs to, one shou/d go for meaningful genetic counseling, which is not an easy task. Apart from problems that can emerge during gene tic counseling, it stil/ remains an important form of health protection in a nation. ft a/so provides the possibility for family planning according to supposed risk of a genetic disease.