Tretman osoba kojima je izrečena mera obaveznog lečenja alkolizma na slobodi zbog nasilja u porodici

Abstract

Uvod: Uprkos prepoznatoj vezi između nasilja u porodici i alkoholizma, druš- tvena i pravna podrška i zaštita porodice usledile su kasnije. Tek od druge po- lovine 20. veka pa sve do danas, beleži se veliki napredak u podizanju odgo- vornosti države da se nasilno ponašanje u porodici uzrokovano alkoholizmom prepozna i sankcioniše. Podaci ukazuju da je kod 50 do 60% presuda razlog za izricanje ove mere bezbednost i nasilje u porodici. Cilj: Cilj rada je prikaz tretmana osoba kojima je izrečena mera obaveznog lečenja alkolizma na slobodi, a koji su odlukom suda upućeni u Institut za men- talno zdravlje. Metod: Prikaz procesa tretmana u Institutu za mentalno zdravlje u Beogradu u kom se izvršava mera obaveznog lečenja alkoholičara na slobodi kroz Psihoedukativni program. Opisani su otpori u terapiji koji se javljaju usled od- sustva motivacije za lečenje, a koji neretko traju tokom celog tretmana. Iako tretman podrazumeva učešće saradnika u lečenju – članove porodice, važno je naglasiti da Psihoedukativni program nije terapija usmerena na dubinsku promenu ličnosti, niti je to porodična terapija alkoholizma. Rezultati: Početni deo tremana se sastoji od psihoedukativnog programa (6-8 nedelja) i obuhvata sticanje znanja o alkoholizmu kao bolesti (uzrocima, po- sledicama, pravilima ponašanja u apstinenciji), prepoznavanje ličnih i poro- dičnih posledica i zaustavljanje i korekcija zavisničkog i nasilničkog ponašanja. Rehabilitacioni deo tretmana odvija se u socio-terapijskom klubu lečenih alko- holičara gde se nastavlja sa učenjem i usvajanjem zdravih obrazaca ponaša- nja, odnosa, sistema vrednosti i stila života. Prikazana je saradnja sa drugim ustanovama i službama koje prate izvršenje ove sudske mere. Zaključak: Tretman osoba kojima je izrečena mera obaveznog lečenja na slo- bodi je složen proces u kom je neophodna bolja multisektorska saradnja i po- dizanje kapaciteta specijalizovanih službi kao i efikasniji sistem mera zaštite i podrške žrtvama nasilja.

Introduction: In spite of the recognized relation between family violence and alcoholism, social and legal support, as well as family protection, have been available since recently. It is only from the second half of the 20th century until today that great progress has been made in raising the responsibility of the state to recognize and sanction violent behavior in the family. Data show that in 50 to 60% of convictions, domestic violence was the ground for the protection measure. Aim: To present mandatory outpatient treatment of persons who are referred to The Institute of Mental Health by Court decision. Method: Presentation of the treatment process at the Institute of Mental Health in Belgrade where mandatory outpatient treatment of an alcoholic is administered by means of Psycho-educational Program. Defiance of therapy is described, occurring with lack of motivation for treatment, which frequently lasts during the whole treatment program. Although the treatment implies participation of contributors – family members, it is important to emphasize that Psycho-educational program is not the therapy aimed either at deep personal changes or is it equivalent to family therapy of alcoholism. Results: Initial treatment consists of a psycho-educational program (6-8 weeks) which includes acquiring knowledge of alcoholism as a disease (causes, consequences, behavior rules in abstinence period), recognizing personal and familial consequences and suspending and correcting addiction and violence behavior. The rehabilitation part of the program is carried out in a socio-therapeutic club of treated alcoholics, where patients continue to learn and adopt healthy patterns of behavior, relationships, values and lifestyle. Cooperation with other relevant institutions and services which follow up carrying out of the sentence is presented. Conclusion: Treatment of a person sentenced to mandatory outpatient treatment is a complex process where better multi-sectorial cooperation is necessary as well as strengthening the capacities of specialized services and more efficient system of protection measures and support to victims of violence.