Parkinsonova bolest - rehabilitacione mogućnosti

Abstract

Parkinsonova bolest je često neurodegenerativno oboljenje koje se karakteriše kompleksnom simptomatologijom i izrazitim oštećenjima motorike. Cilj ovog rada bio je da se pregledom i analizom dosadašnjih istraživanja sagledaju rehabilitacione mogućnosti u okviru različitih terapeutskih modaliteta u tretmanu osoba sa Parkinsonovom bolešću i prikažu upečatljivi istraživački nalazi koji svedoče o efektivnosti korišćenih rehabilitacionih postupaka i njihovoj primenjivosti u kliničkim i vankliničkim uslovima. Analiza literature je pokazala da se u rehabilitaciji osoba sa Parkinsonovom bolešću učestalo koristi čitav spektar različitih terapeutskih modaliteta sa ciljem unapređenja funkcionalnih sposobnosti, usporavanja razvoja sekundarnih teškoća i invaliditeta i poboljšanja kvaliteta života ovih osoba. Međutim, prema nalazima istraživačkih studija, efikasnost predstavljenih rehabilitacionih postupaka je veoma varijabilna a efekti se vrlo često beleže samo u pojedinim funkcionalnim sferama, uglavnom su kratkotrajni i ne perzistiraju u dužem vremenskom periodu. Ipak, brojni parcijalni benefiti za osobe sa Parkinsonovom bolešću koje nalazimo u studijama ukazuju na perspektivnost korišćenja različitih terapeutskih modaliteta u rehabilitaciji i na značaj kreiranja adekvatnih programa koji bi omogućili da se pozitivni rehabilitacioni ishodi zadrže tokom dužeg vremenskog perioda. Pored toga, evidentirana vremenska limitiranost efekata primenjenih postupaka nedvosmisleno svedoči o potrebi za kontinuiranom i doživotnom rehabilitacijom osoba sa Parkinsonovom bolešću.

Parkinson’s disease is often a neurodegenerative disease characterized by complex symptomatology and severe motor impairment. The aim of this work was to consider the rehabilitation options within different therapeutic modalities in the treatment of people with Parkinson’s disease through the review and analysis of previous research and to present impressive research findings that testify to the effectiveness of rehabilitation procedures used and their applicability in clinical and outpatient settings. Analysis of the literature has shown that a whole range of different therapeutic modalities with the aim of improving functional abilities, slowing the development of secondary difficulties and disabilities and improving the quality of life of these people is being used frequently in the rehabilitation of people with Parkinson’s disease. However, according to the findings of research studies, the efficiency of the presented rehabilitation procedures is very variable and the effects are very often recorded only in certain functional spheres, they are mostly short-lived and do not persist for a long period of time. Nevertheless, the numerous partial benefits for people with Parkinson’s disease found in the studies indicate the prospectiveness of using different therapeutic modalities in rehabilitation and the importance of creating adequate programs that would allow positive rehabilitation outcomes to be maintained over a longer period of time. In addition, the recorded time limitation of the effects of the applied procedures unequivocally testifies to the need for continuous and lifelong rehabilitation of persons with Parkinson’s disease.