"Naša priča” – Program podrške roditeljima dece sa smetnjama u razvoju: primer dobre prakse u predškolskim ustanovama

Abstract

Podizanje deteta sa smetnjama u razvoju predstavlja ozbiljan izazov za roditelje koji vodi povećanju roditeljskog stresa i značajno utiče na porodično blagostanje. Bez obzira što je prepoznata potreba za podrškom roditeljima dece sa smetnjama u razvoju, u našoj zemlji izostaju sistematizovani programi podrške i njihova evaluacija. Program „Naša priča” je razvijen sa ciljem edukacije roditelja o ključnim procesima koji vode ka prihvatanju detetovog stanja i prepoznavanju adekvatnog modela brige za dete sa smetnjama u razvoju. Zasnovan je na teoriji afektivne vezanosti i značaju procesa razrešenja, odnosno emocionalnog i kognitivnog prihvatanja detetovog zdravstvenog stanja i sa njime povezanih posledica. Program je strukturiran i sprovodi se kroz šest tematskih susreta. Sprovode ga voditelji koji su prethodno prošli kroz 32 časa obuke za primenu programa. U radu su prikazana iskustva iz dve predškolske ustanove u kojima je program realizovan i evaluiran. Diskutuje se o značaju i mogućnostima primene programa podrške za roditelje dece sa smetnjama u razvoju u okviru predškolskog obrazovnog sistema.

Raising a child with a developmental disability can be a serious challenge for parents, which leads to increased parenting stress and has multiple impacts on family well-being. Even though there is a well recognised need for support for parents of children with disabilities, our country lacks the systematized support programs and their evaluations. Program “Our Story“ aims to educate parents about the key processes that lead to accepting the child’s condition and recognising an appropriate care model for a child with disabilites. The program is based on attachment theory and the importance of resolution to diagnosisemotional and cognitive acceptance of the child’s health condition and its implications. It is a structured program, consisting of six thematic meetings with a group of parents. The group counseling is led by two professionals who have previously undergone a 32-hour program for the implementation of training. This paper presents the experiences from two preschool institutions, in which the program was implemented and evaluated. Also it discusses the importance and possibilities of implementing a support program for parents of children with disability in the context of early education system.