Organization of space and adaptation of equipment and resources for physical education instruction for visually impaired children

Abstract

Adequate physical education instruction for visually impaired children encompasses the implementation of regular teaching programs, medical gymnastics and a corrective program. The segments involved in the corrective program include corrective gymnastics, psychomotor reeducation, orientation and mobility. For a highly differential approach to the work, in accordance with the individual needs and possibilities of visually impaired students, it is necessary to adapt the gymnasium and the outdoor exercise grounds and to adapt the equipment, machines and requisites, which are used as part of the instruction. Such an approach enables the protection of the eyesight and health of students, the maximal use of their visual potential, enrichment of the motor experiences and the development of physical capabilities. Professionally organized physical education instruction enables efficient use of the locomotor apparatus and thus independence in movement; which represents an important prerequisite for successful social integration by visually impaired children.

Adekvatna nastava fizičkog vaspitanja za decu oštećenog vida podrazumeva sprovođenje redovnog nastavnog programa, programa medicinske fiskulture i korektivnog programa. Segmenti korektivnog programa su korektivna gimnastika, psihomotorna reedukacija i orijentacija i mobilnost. Za visoko diferenciran pristup radu, u skladu sa individualnim potrebama i mogućnostima učenika oštećenog vida, neophodno je prilagođavanje fiskulturne sale i otvorenog vežbališta, kao i adaptacija opreme, sprava i rekvizita koji se koriste u nastavi. Takav pristup omogućava zaštitu vida i zdravlja učenika, maksimalno korišćenje vidnih potencijala, bogaćenje motornog iskustva i razvoj fizičkih sposobnosti. Stručno organizovana nastava fizičkog vaspitanja omogućava efikasno korišćenje lokomotornog aparata, a time i samostalnost u kretanju što predstavlja važan uslov za uspešnu socijalnu integraciju dece oštećenog vida.