Maladaptivno ponašanje dece i adolescenata sa umerenom i teškom intelektualnom ometenošću

Abstract

Cilj ovog istraživanja je utvrđivanje prevalencije maladaptivnog ponašanja u različitim domenima socijalnog ponašanja kod dece i adolescenata sa umerenom i teškom intelektualnom ometenošću, kao i merenje značajnosti razlike u ispoljavanju manifestacija bihejvioralnih poremećaja u zavisnosti od nivoa intelektualnog razvoja. Uzorkom je obuhvaćeno 80 ispitanika (40 sa umerenom intelektualnom ometenošću i 40 sa teškom intelektualnom ometenošću), oba pola, kalendarskog uzrasta od 7 do 18 godina.Utvrđivanje prisustva maladaptivnih formi ponašanja je izvršeno primenom AAMR Skale adaptivnog funkcionisanja (AAMR Adaptive Behavior Scales-School: Second Edition (ABS-S:2). Na osnovu analize procentualnog rangiranja ispitanika uočeno je da se ispitanici sa umerenom intelektualnom ometenošću u najvećem broju (77,5%) grupišu u kategoriji proseka u domenu Socijalno angažovanje. Većina ispitanika (87,5%) sa težom intelektualnom ometenošću grupiše se u kategoriji prosečnih rezultata u domenu Socijalno ponašanje, Između grupe ispitanika sa umerenom intelektualnom ometenošću i grupe sa težomintelektualnom ometenošću postoje statistički značajne razlike u domenima Socijalnog ponašanja (t(62,51)=-2,096, p≤0,04) i Socijalnog angažovanja (t(78)=4,61, p≤0,000).

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of maladaptive behavior in different domains of social behavior of children and adolescents with moderate and severe intellectual disabilities and to measure the significance of difference in manifestation of behavioral disturbances depending on the level of intellectual development.The sample consisted of 80 participants (40 with moderate and 40 with severe intellectual disability) of both sexes and of calendar age ranging between 7 and 18.AAMR Scale of adaptive functioning (AAMR Adaptive Behavior Scales-School: Second Edition (ABS-S:2)) was used to determine the presence of maladaptive forms of behavior.Based on the analysis of percentile ranks of participants it was found that most of the participants with moderate intellectual disability (77.5%) were clustered within average group of scores in the domain of Social Engagement. Majority of participants with severe intellectual disabilities (87.5%) are grouped within the category of average results for the domain of Social engagement, while they show identical percent of below average scores for the domain of Self-Abusive Behavior. Statistically significant differences were identified between the group of participants with moderate intellectual disability and the group with severe intellectual disability for the domains of Social Behavior (t(62.51)=-2.096, p≤0.04) and Social Engagement (t(78)=4.61, p≤0.000).