Zatvor kao deo lokalne zajednice

Abstract

Od postanka modernih zatvora njihova funkcija i unutrašnja organizacija se nije mnogo promenila. Tehnološki razvoj doprineo je unapre����enju zatvorskih sistema i poboljšanju uslova izvršenja kazne zatvora, ali su tehnološka dostignuća prvenstveno uticala na stvaranju ustanova sa većim stepenom bezbednosti i kontrole. Ideja o zatvoru kao mestu kažnjavanja i ispaštanja, koje ponižava i stigmatizira osu����enog, nije se menjala u skladu sa razvojem društva. Zatvor bi trebalo da predstavlja ustanovu koja pomaže reintegraciju osu����enog u socijalnu sredinu i služi na dobrobit celokupnom društvu. Me����utim, u stvarnosti zatvor je mesto izolovano od spoljnog sveta, koje pruža malo mogućnosti za moralni, intelektualni, socijalni razvoj osu����enog. Mnogi autori smatraju da nedostatak obostrane komunikacije izme����u zatvora i lokalne zajednice u kojoj se nalazi predstavlja osnovni razlog za negativne predstave o ulozi zatvora. Modeli takozvanih „restorativnih zatvora“ koji su okrenuti ka lokalnoj zajednici, učestvuju u njenom životu i doprinose dobrobiti članova zajednice predstavljaju uzor za reformu zatvora u potpuno drugačiju instituciju. Iako kritičari koncepta restorativnih zatvora sumnjaju da je moguće transformisati totalitarnu instituciju, oni priznaju da bi stvaranje snažnih veza izme����u zatvora i lokalne zajednice moglo imati pozitivan uticaj na promenu života osu����enika uz istovremenu korist za lokalnu zajednicu. Ovim radom autorke navode na razmišljanje o razvoju zatvorskih ustanova u skladu sa novijim inicijativama za ostvarivanje bolje komunikacije sa lokalnom zajednicom.

Inner organization of prison and its function have not changed in its essential features since the begining of modern prisons. Although technological development has contributed to the development of prison systems and improvement of conditions of prison sentence execution, the bigest influence of technological advancements has been on prison security level and control. The idea of prison as a place of punishment and atonement, which demeans and stigmatizes convicted, has not changed in accordance with the development of society. Prison should be an institution that promotes social reintegration of convicted and serves to benefit the entire society. However, real prison is a place isolated from the outside world, which provides little opportunity for the moral, intellectual, social development of convicted. Many authors argue that the lack of mutual communication between prisons and local communities in which they exist is a major reason for negative perceptions about the role of prison. Models of so-called 'restorative prisons', oriented to the community, involved in her life and prisons which contribute to the welfare of the community members are a model for prison reform in a very different institution. Although critics of the concept of restorative prison question a possibility to transform a totalitarian institution, they acknowledge that the creation of strong links between prison and the local community could have a positive impact on the change of convicts life and at the same time benefit the local community. In this work the authors suggest thinking about the development of prison facilities in line with recent initiatives to achieve better communication with the local community.