Socijalno ponašanje vrtićke dece u inkluzivnom okruženju

Abstract

Unadjusted social behavior is a frequent companion to many neurodevelopmental disorders. The aim of the paper was to determine differences in manifestation of social behavior problems between different groups of respondents who are in kindergarten inclusive conditions (mild intellectual disability, moderate intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and neurotypical development). The study sample included 148 respondents age four years to six years and eleven months. Out of the total number of respondents, eighty-two had neurotypical development, while sixty-six respondents belonged to a group of children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Children's Social Behavior Questionnaire was used in the research (Hartman et al., 2006). Research findings showed that the largest number of problems had group of children with autism spectrum disorder, except in the assessment of subscales Not optimally tuned to the social situation and Orientation problems in time, place or activity, in which the prevalence of manifesting social behavior problems had the group of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The results obtained in this research can help creating better pedagogical profile and individualization measures that would be applied in an inclusive kindergarten within an individualized education plan.

Neprilagođeno socijalno ponašanje čest je pratilac brojnih neurorazvojnih poremećaja. Cilj rada odnosio se na utvrđivanje razlika u ispoljavanju problema socijalnog ponašanja između različitih grupa ispitanika koji borave u vrtićkim inkluzivnim uslovima (laka intelektualna ometenost, umerena intelektualna ometenost, poremećaj iz spektra autizma, poremećaj pažnje sa hiperaktivnošćui neurotipičan razvoj). Uzorak istraživanja uključivao je 148 ispitanika uzrasta od četiri godine do šest godina i 11 meseci. Od ukupnog broja ispitanika, 82 imalo je neurotipičan razvoj, dok je 66 ispitanika pripadalo grupi dece s neurorazvojnim poremećajima. U istraživanju je korišćena revidirana verzija Upitnika socijalnog ponašanja za decu (Children's Social Behavior Questionnaire; Hartman et al., 2006). Rezultatima je utvrđeno da najveći broj problema pokazuje grupa dece s poremećajem iz spektra autizma, osim pri proceni ajtema na supskalama Neprilagođenost situaciji i Problemi orijentacije, u kojoj prevalentnost u ispoljavanju problema socijalnog ponašanja preuzima grupa dece s poremećajem pažnje sa hiperaktivnošću. Rezultati dobijeni ovim istraživanjem mogu da pomognu kvalitetnijoj izradi pedagoškog profla i mera individualizacije koji bi se primenjivali u inkluzivnom vrtiću u okviru individualnog obrazovnog plana.